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Authors: Lucía Jiménez (University of Seville), Shirley Arias-Rivera (Universidad Loyola Andalucía), Bárbara Lorence (University of Seville), Victoria Hidalgo (University of Seville), Sofía Baena (Universidad Loyola Andalucía)
Background: Child-to-Parent Violence is an increasingly prevalent issue that poses significant challenges for community, educational, health, justice, and protection services. Despite its complexity, there is limited systematization of the key components necessary for a comprehensive response. This study aimed to identify, reach consensus on, and prioritize fundamental elements for universal (awareness-raising), selective, and indicated prevention of Child-to-Parent Violence, based on the experience of professionals with expertise in the field.
Methods: A qualitative methodology was employed using the focus group technique, involving 18 experts selected for their professional and research backgrounds in clinical, educational, judicial, and community settings. Two structured sessions—one online and one in person—were conducted to facilitate collective deliberation and consensus-building. Thematic analysis of the discussions led to the development of a set of agreed-upon guidelines, which were subsequently validated through follow-up communications with the expert group.
Results: The findings highlighted, on the one hand, key elements common to all types of interventions addressing Child-to-Parent Violence, such as the importance of intersectoral cooperation and networking, ongoing professional training, and the development of appropriate identification and referral protocols to improve families’ access to support services. On the other hand, specific (elements were identified for each of the three levels of prevention, varying according to the characteristics of the target populations, the content addressed, and the nature of the interventions.
Discussion: These findings provide a valuable foundation for the development of public policies, training programs, and coordinated actions to address Child-to-Parent Violence, underscoring the value of expert knowledge as a complement to empirical research.
| Conflict of interest | The authors declare no conflict of interest. |
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